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The observations you made of the dog being sick, and then suddenly a few days later recovering is typical of Hemangiosarcoma.

Hemangiosarcoma is a cancer derived from blood vessel cells. Typically the tumors appear on the liver, and especially the spleen as blood blisters. These rupture resulting in internal bleeding. In the early stages of the disease the bleeding will clot. The dog reabsorbs the blood, and suddenly starts to appear well again. The cycle repeats with the platlets gradually falling in number. Eventually if left untreated the platlet count will deplete, and massive internal bleeding occurs resulting in death.

It's not unusual for the spleen to be surgically removed if the cancer has undergone metastasis to that organ. With a rich supply of blood vessels the spleen frequently undergoes massive ruptures and bleeding.

Your best chance at extending the dog's life is with Chemotherapy involving the use of the drug Doxorubicin. It will typically give the dog a remission of a few months, and extend the dog's life by about 6 months. Also there are reports in the literature lfosfamide may be partially effective. But for the most part Doxorubicin is the only widely recognized drug that can have an effect on the course of Hemangiosarcoma.

Per the drug itself if you give supportive drugs such as an acid blocker (Cimetidine, Rantidine), along with Metoclopromide, and avoid the main side effect- that being nausea at 72 hrs post administration. Don't be afraid of giving your dog Chemo. Do watch for the possibility of a secondary infection post treatment, especially after the first one. A rectal digital thermometer may come in handy to take the dog's temperature (100-102.5 is normal) when in doubt.

On diet, I was about ready to suggest fish oil for the Omega-3s. But alas fish oil interfers with clotting. You'd need to ask a Vet Oncologist about it. If your dog is losing weight, then buy a high quality performance or puppy formula with 30% protein/15% fat or as close as you can find. Avoid feeding the dog sugar, or foods with high carbohydrates on the side.

There are many no doubt you are aware of wild claims made on the internet about this or that magic immune supplement. Unfortunately most if not all offer false hope. The only herbal hope that I'm aware of is Artemisinin. However it is greatly in demand for Malaria, and in a purified form commands a nice hefty price. So beware of sites that advertise Artemisinin at $20/90 days supply. Chances are it's worthless. Another try might be decaffinated green tea powder. Before starting these or any other supplements discuss with your Vet.

Your plan should be to get a referral to a Vet Oncologist if available in your area, and discuss the use of Doxorubicin as a treatment, and ask about any other options.